Monif Pasha and “the treatise on Iran

Monif Pasha is one of the important thinkers of the second half of the 19th century Ottoman Empire, who played a significant role in the intellectual and political arena. His personality was shaped by the formal and traditional education prevalent in the Ottoman Empire, and with further studies in Germany, new horizons opened up for him in the scientific and educational fields. During his stay in Europe, he got acquainted with the western civilization and the thoughts of the Enlightenment era thinkers and reflected on the comparison of the Ottoman and European situation. After returning from Europe, Monif Pasha took on various responsibilities and missions and got acquainted with different intellectual, cultural and literary environments and gained a prominent position in the social arena due to his intellectual image. Iranian thinkers had discussions with him. Due to his familiarity with Iran and the Persian language, he went to Tehran twice as an Ottoman ambassador. In Tehran, in addition to her political and diplomatic activities, he wrote treatises on reform the Ottoman state. Also, he wrote a short work entitled "the treatise on Iran", the translation of which is given in the rest of the article. In this research, the political and intellectual life of Monif Pasha has been investigated by raising questions about the formation of Monif Pasha's personality and thoughts, his relationship with Iranian thinkers and her embassy in Tehran. The present article tries to deal with the issue with a descriptive report. The findings of the research show that the ambassadors dispatched to Iran by the Ottoman state were chosen from among the scientific, literary and political meritorious. Monif Pasha's personality and actions during his political life and during his time as an ambassador in Tehran spoke of his competence.